base.h

Go to the documentation of this file.

#pragma once
/*
 *  This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
 *  it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
 *  the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
 *  (at your option) any later version.
 *
 *  This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
 *  but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
 *  MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
 *  GNU General Public License for more details.
 *
 *  You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
 *  along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
 *  Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301, USA
 */
 
/**
 * $Id: a0d6feaeab6763e1f0b6695ad3e89888ac01eb7b $
 *
 * @file lib/io/base.h
 * @brief Transport-specific functions.
 *
 * @copyright 2016 Alan DeKok (aland@freeradius.org)
 */
RCSIDH(io_h, "$Id: a0d6feaeab6763e1f0b6695ad3e89888ac01eb7b $")
 
#include <freeradius-devel/io/channel.h>
#include <freeradius-devel/server/request.h>
#include <freeradius-devel/util/socket.h>
#include <freeradius-devel/util/time.h>
#include <freeradius-devel/util/talloc.h>
 
#ifdef __cplusplus
extern "C" {
#endif
 
typedef struct fr_listen_s fr_listen_t;
typedef struct fr_listen_instance_s fr_listen_instance_t;
typedef struct fr_trie_s fr_trie_t;
 
typedef struct {
        uint64_t        in;
        uint64_t        out;
        uint64_t        dup;
        uint64_t        dropped;
} fr_io_stats_t;
 
 
typedef struct fr_channel_s fr_channel_t;
 
/**  Open an I/O path
 *
 * Open a socket, file, or anything else that can be referenced
 * by a file descriptor.
 *
 * The file descriptor should be made available to the event loop
 * via the selectable_fd callback. It will only be used to determine if the
 * socket is readable/writable/has errored.
 *
 * No data will be read from or written to the fd, except by the io_data callbacks here.
 *
 * @param[in] li the listener for this socket
 * @return
 *      - 0 on success
 *      - <0 on error
 */
typedef int (*fr_io_open_t)(fr_listen_instance_t *li);
 
/** Return a selectable file descriptor for this I/O path
 *
 * Return the file descriptor associated with this I/O path.
 *
 * @param[in] li the listener for this socket
 */
typedef int (*fr_io_get_fd_t)(fr_listen_instance_t const *li);
 
/** Set a selectable file descriptor for this I/O path
 *
 *
 * @param[in] li        the listener for this socket
 * @param[in] fd        the FD to set
 */
typedef int (*fr_io_set_fd_t)(fr_listen_instance_t *li, int fd);
 
/** Decode a raw packet and convert it into a request.
 *
 *  This function is the opposite of fr_io_encode_t.
 *
 *  The "decode" function is ONLY for decoding data.  It should be
 *  aware of the protocol (e.g. RADIUS), but it MUST NOT know anything
 *  about the underlying network transport (e.g. UDP), and it MUST NOT
 *  know anything about how the data will be used (e.g. authorize,
 *  authenticate, etc. for Access-Request)
 *
 * @param[in] instance          of the #fr_app_t or #fr_app_io_t.
 * @param[in] data              the raw packet data
 * @param[in] data_len          the length of the raw data
 * @param[in] request           where the decoded VPs should be placed.
 * @return
 *      - <0 on error
 *      - 0 on success
 */
typedef int (*fr_io_decode_t)(void const *instance, request_t *request, uint8_t *const data, size_t data_len);
 
/** Encode data from a request_t into a raw packet.
 *
 *  This function is the opposite of fr_io_decode_t.
 *
 *  The "encode" function is ONLY for encoding data.  It should be
 *  aware of the protocol (e.g. RADIUS), but it MUST NOT know anything
 *  about the underlying network transport (e.g. UDP), and it MUST NOT
 *  know anything about how the data will be used (e.g. reject delay
 *  on Access-Reject)
 *
 * @param[in] instance          of the #fr_app_t or #fr_app_io_t.
 * @param[in] request           request where the VPs to be encoded are located
 * @param[out] buffer           the buffer where the raw packet will be written
 * @param[in] buffer_len        the length of the buffer
 * @return
 *      - <0 on error
 *      - >=0 length of the encoded data in the buffer, will be <=buffer_len
 */
typedef ssize_t (*fr_io_encode_t)(void const *instance, request_t *request, uint8_t *buffer, size_t buffer_len);
 
/** NAK a packet.
 *
 *  When a worker receives a packet, it sometimes is unable to process
 *  that request.  In order for the channels to work correctly, every
 *  request MUST be met with a response.  This function allows a
 *  worker to NAK a request, but NOT send a response packet on the
 *  network.
 *
 *  This function MUST NOT fail.  It must always return some data.
 *
 *  When the NAK packet is received by the network side, the transport
 *  portion of the network side MUST be able to recognize the NAK and
 *  take the appropriate action.  e.g. for RADIUS, mark a request as
 *  "do not respond", even if duplicates come in.
 *
 * @param[in] li                the listener for this socket
 * @param[out] packet_ctx       the  packet_ctx struct containing request specific data.
 * @param[in] packet            the packet to NAK
 * @param[in] packet_len        length of the packet to NAK
 * @param[in] reply             the NAK reply
 * @param[in] reply_len         length of the buffer where the reply should be placed.
 * @return length of the data in the reply buffer.
 */
typedef size_t (*fr_io_nak_t)(fr_listen_instance_t *li, void *packet_ctx, uint8_t *const packet, size_t packet_len,
                              uint8_t *reply, size_t reply_len);
 
/** Read from a socket.
 *
 * The network side guarantees that the read routine can leave partial
 * data in the buffer.  That data will be there on the next call to
 * read.  However, the data MAY have moved, so please do not keep a
 * pointer to 'buffer' around.
 *
 * datagram sockets should always set '*leftover = 0'.
 *
 * stream sockets can read one packet, and set '*leftover' to how many
 * bytes are left in the buffer.  The read routine will be called
 * again, with a (possibly new) buffer, but with 'leftover' bytes left
 * in the buffer.  The value in 'leftover'' will be the same as from
 * the previous call, so the reader does not need to track it.
 *
 * @param[in] li                the listener for this socket
 * @param[out] packet_ctx       Where to write a newly allocated packet_ctx struct containing request specific data.
 * @param[out] recv_time        A pointer to a time when the packet was received
 * @param[in,out] buffer        the buffer where the raw packet will be written to (or read from)
 * @param[in] buffer_len        the length of the buffer
 * @param[out] leftover         bytes left in the buffer after reading a full packet.
 * @return
 *      - <0 on error
 *      - >=0 length of the data read or written.
 */
typedef ssize_t (*fr_io_data_read_t)(fr_listen_instance_t *li, void **packet_ctx, fr_time_t *recv_time, uint8_t *buffer,
                                     size_t buffer_len, size_t *leftover);
 
/** Write a socket.
 *
 *  If the socket is a datagram socket, then the function can read or
 *  write directly into the buffer.  Stream sockets are a bit more complicated.
 *
 *  A stream reader can read data into the buffer, and be guaranteed
 *  that the data will not change in between subsequent calls to the
 *  read routine.
 *
 *  A stream writer MUST be prepared for the caller to delete the data
 *  immediately after calling the write routine.  This means that if
 *  the socket is not ready, the writer MUST copy the data to an
 *  internal buffer, usually in instance.  It MUST then have a
 *  write callback on the socket, which is called when the socket is
 *  ready for writing.  That callback can then write the internal
 *  buffer to the socket.
 *
 *  i.e. this write() function is a way for the network thread to
 *  write packets to the transport context.  The data may or may not
 *  go out to the network right away.
 *
 *  If the write function does a partial write, it should return a
 *  value smaller than buffer_len to indicate this.  The network
 *  functions will then pass that value to a subsequent write call, in
 *  the "written" argument.
 *
 *  The reason for this odd API is that read/write should be writing
 *  *packets*, not raw streams of bytes.  This API allows the "buffer"
 *  parameter to always contain a full packet.
 *
 * @param[in] li                the listener for this socket
 * @param[in] packet_ctx        Request specific data.
 * @param[in] request_time      when the original request was received
 * @param[in] buffer            the buffer where the raw packet will be written from
 * @param[in] buffer_len        the length of the buffer
 * @param[in] written           total number of bytes written in previous calls for this packet.
 * @return
 *      - <0 on error
 *      - >=0 length of the data read or written.
 */
typedef ssize_t (*fr_io_data_write_t)(fr_listen_instance_t *li, void *packet_ctx, fr_time_t request_time,
                                      uint8_t *buffer,
                                      size_t buffer_len, size_t written);
 
/** Inject data into a socket.
 *
 *  This function allows callers to inject data into a socket, just as if the data
 *  was read from a socket.
 *
 *  Note that this function is NOT an analog to fr_io_data_read_t.
 *  That is, the called function MUST copy the packet pointer into an
 *  internal list, so that subsequent calls to read() will return this
 *  packet.
 *
 *  The network side ensures that the packet buffer remains available
 *  to the called function for the duration of an inject() and read()
 *  call.  i.e. the packet contents do NOT have to be saved, and the
 *  code can instead save the pointer to the buffer.
 *
 *  However, this buffer MUST be immediately returned on a subsequent
 *  call to read().  If it is not returned, the memory is still freed,
 *  and the pointer becomes invalid.  Subsequent access to the buffer
 *  will result in crashes.
 *
 * @param[in] li                the listener for this socket
 * @param[in] buffer            the buffer where the raw packet to be injected
 * @param[in] buffer_len        the length of the buffer
 * @param[in] recv_time         when the packet was received
 * @return
 *      - <0 on error
 *      - 0 on success
 */
typedef int (*fr_io_data_inject_t)(fr_listen_instance_t *li,uint8_t const *buffer, size_t buffer_len,
                                   fr_time_t recv_time);
 
/** Tell the IO handler that a VNODE has changed
 *
 * @param[in] li                the listener for this socket
 * @param[in] fflags            from kevent.  Usually just NOTE_EXTEND
 */
typedef void (*fr_io_data_vnode_t)(fr_listen_instance_t *li, uint32_t fflags);
 
typedef struct fr_io_track_s fr_io_track_t; /* in master.h */
 
/** Convert a raw packet to a tracking structure
 *
 * For passing to fr_io_track_cmp_t
 *
 * @param[in] instance          the context for this function
 * @param[in] thread_instance   the thread instance for this function
 * @param[in] client            the client associated with this packet
 * @param[in] track             The parent tracking structure
 * @param[in] packet            The packet being summarized
 * @param[in] packet_len        Length of the packet being summarized
 * @return
 *      - NULL on error
 *      - !NULL the packet tracking structure
 */
typedef void *(*fr_io_track_create_t)(void const *instance, void *thread_instance, fr_client_t *client,
                                      fr_io_track_t *track, uint8_t const *packet, size_t packet_len);
 
/** Compare two tracking structures for storing in a duplicate detection tree.
 *
 * We presume that the packets are well formed.
 *
 * The comparison should be stable.  i.e. compare the packets a field
 * at a time.  If the field is different, return the result from that
 * field.
 *
 * The comparison order of the fields should be "very different" to
 * "much the same".  The packets are put into an rbtree, so having a
 * large fanout at the top is useful.
 *
 * Note that this function should not check if the packets are
 * completely identical.  Instead, it checks particular fields in the
 * packet so that we can distinguish packets without checking the entire packet.
 *
 * @param[in] instance          the context for this function
 * @param[in] thread_instance   the thread instance for this function
 * @param[in] client            the client associated with this packet
 * @param[in] one               packet tracking structure one
 * @param[in] two               packet tracking structure two
 * @return
 *      - <0 on packet one "smaller" than packet two
 *      - >0 on packet two "larger" than packet one
 *      - =0 on the two packets being identical
 */
typedef int (*fr_io_track_cmp_t)(void const *instance, void *thread_instance, fr_client_t *client, void const *one,
                                 void const *two);
 
/**  Handle an error on the socket.
 *
 *  In general, the only thing to do on errors is to close the
 *  transport.  But on error, the "error" function will be called
 *  before "close".  On normal finish, the "close" function will be
 *  called.
 *
 * @param[in] li                the listener for this socket
 * @return
 *      - 0 on success
 *      - <0 on error
 */
typedef int (*fr_io_signal_t)(fr_listen_instance_t *li);
 
/**  Handle a close on the socket.
 *
 *  In general, the only thing to do on errors is to close the
 *  transport.  But on error, the "error" function will be called
 *  before "close".  On normal finish, the "close" function will be
 *  called.
 *
 * @param[in] li the listener for this socket
 * @return
 *      - 0 on success
 *      - <0 on error
 */
typedef int (*fr_io_close_t)(fr_listen_instance_t *li);
 
/*
 *      Structures and definitions for the master IO handler.
 */
typedef struct {
        fr_socket_t             socket;         //!< src/dst ip and port.
 
        fr_client_t const               *radclient;     //!< old-style client definition
} fr_io_address_t;
 
typedef int (*fr_io_connection_set_t)(fr_listen_instance_t *li, fr_io_address_t *connection);
 
typedef struct fr_client_s fr_client_t;
 
typedef fr_client_t *(*fr_io_client_find_t)(fr_listen_instance_t *li, fr_ipaddr_t const *ipaddr, int ipproto);
 
typedef void (*fr_io_hexdump_set_t)(fr_listen_instance_t *li, void *inst);
 
/** Callback to return network properties
 *
 * @param[out] ipproto          IP protocol (AF_INET or AF_INET6).
 * @param[out] dynamic_clients  Whether clients are dynamic.
 * @param[out] trie             Trie of clients.
 * @param[in] instance          Instance data.
 */
typedef void (*fr_io_network_get_t)(int *ipproto, bool *dynamic_clients, fr_trie_t const **trie, void *instance);
 
typedef char const *(*fr_io_name_t)(fr_listen_instance_t *li);
 
 
#ifdef __cplusplus
}
#endif